biogeographic region

Table of Contents

Introduction
General features
- The concept of biogeography
  - History
  - Biotic distributions
  - Dispersalist and vicariance biogeography
  - Endemism
  - Components of species diversity: species richness and relative abundance
- Species adaptations to ecological habitats
- The effects of geologic changes on biotic distributions
The distribution boundaries of flora and fauna
- Flora
  - Boreal kingdom
    - Arctic and subarctic region
    - East Asian region
    - Western and Central Asian region
    - Mediterranean region
    - Eurosiberian region
    - North American region
  - Paleotropical kingdom
    - Malesian subkingdom
    - Indoafrican subkingdom
    - Polynesian subkingdom
  - Neotropical kingdom
  - South African kingdom
  - Australian kingdom
  - Antarctic kingdom
    - Subantarctic region
    - Antarctic region
- Fauna
  - Holarctic realm
  - Paleotropical realm
    - Afrotropical region
    - Madagascan region
    - Oriental region
    - Wallacea
  - Notogaean realm
    - Australian region
    - Oceanic region
    - New Zealand region
    - Hawaiian region
  - Neogaean realm
  - Antarctic realm

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Photos

Earth's floral regions

boundaries of the Malesian floral subkingdom

Earth's faunal regions

Indonesian faunal boundaries

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floristic region faunal region Australian region Wallace Line Neotropical region Ethiopian region Holarctic region Megagaea Realm Antarctic realm Lydekker’s Line population trophic pyramid biomass natural disaster tropical rainforest taiga tundra desert savanna grassland

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