cluster

Table of Contents

Introduction
Comparison with other forms of matter
- Comparison with bulk matter
- Comparison with molecules
Methods of study
- Preparation of clusters
- Ionization and sorting of clusters
- Computer simulation of cluster behaviour
Structure and properties
- Structure
  - Clusters with icosahedral structures
  - Clusters of simple metal atoms
  - Network structures
- Physical properties
  - Liquid and solid phases
  - Electric, magnetic, and optical properties
- Chemical properties

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images

Figure 1: The four stable geometric structures of the seven-atom cluster of argon, in order of increasing energy: (A) A pentagonal bipyramid. (B) A regular octahedron with one face capped by the seventh atom. (C) A regular tetrahedron with three of its faces capped by other atoms. (D) A trigonal bipyramid with two of its faces capped by other atoms; although this has the highest energy of the four structures, it is very close in energy to the tricapped tetrahedron.

Figure 2: The four lowest-energy structures of the 13-atom cluster of argon.

Figure 3: The first three complete icosahedral structures of 13, 55, and 147 particles. These are the structures taken on by clusters of 13, 55, and 147 atoms of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon, for example.

Figure 4: The structure of C60, buckminsterfullerene.

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Photos

Figure 1: The four stable geometric structures of the seven-atom cluster of argon, in order of increasing energy: (A) A pentagonal bipyramid. (B) A regular octahedron with one face capped by the seventh atom. (C) A regular tetrahedron with three of its faces capped by other atoms. (D) A trigonal bipyramid with two of its faces capped by other atoms; although this has the highest energy of the four structures, it is very close in energy to the tricapped tetrahedron.

Figure 2: The four lowest-energy structures of the 13-atom cluster of argon.

Figure 3: The first three complete icosahedral structures of 13, 55, and 147 particles. These are the structures taken on by clusters of 13, 55, and 147 atoms of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon, for example.

Figure 4: The structure of C60, buckminsterfullerene.

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Topics

fullerene network structure superatom cluster compound ablation magic number shell structure network modifier network former matter radiation radioactivity isomerism phase elasticity entropy polarity heat symmetry pH

Key People

Sir Harold W. Kroto

British chemist

Robert Curl

American chemist

Quiz

Italian-born physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi draws a diagram at a blackboard with mathematical equations. circa 1950.

Physics and Natural Law