Pacific Ocean

Table of Contents

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images, Videos & Interactives

The Pacific Ocean, with depth contours and submarine features

fog enveloping the Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

For Students

Pacific Ocean summary

Pacific Ocean

Q: Where is the Pacific Ocean located?

The Pacific Ocean is a body of salt water extending from the Antarctic region in the south to the Arctic in the north and lying between the continents of Asia and Australia on the west and North America and South America on the east.

Q: How far from north to south does the Pacific Ocean extend?

The Pacific Ocean stretches from the Bering Strait near the Arctic Circle to the shores of Antarctica through 135° of latitude, some 9,600 miles (15,500 km). The mean depth of the Pacific (excluding adjacent seas) is 14,040 feet (4,280 metres), and its greatest known depth is 36,201 feet (11,034 metres).

Q: What is the temperature of the deep zone of the Pacific Ocean?

The deep zone of the Pacific Ocean, which contains about 80 percent of the ocean’s volume, has relatively stable temperature and salinity patterns; its average temperature is 38.3 °F (3.5 °C).

Q: What is the salinity of the Pacific Ocean?

The highest surface salinities in the Pacific Ocean occur in the southeastern area, where they reach 37 parts per thousand; the lowest salinities—less than about 32 parts—occur in the extreme northern zone of the Pacific. The salinity in the equatorial belt can be as low as 34 parts per thousand.

Q: What is the deepest region of the Pacific Ocean?

The Mariana Trench , also called the Marianas Trench, is a deep-sea trench in the floor of the western North Pacific Ocean, and it is the deepest such trench known on Earth. It is part of the western Pacific system of oceanic trenches coinciding with subduction zones—points where two adjacent tectonic plates collide, one being forced below the other.

Written by Charles Henry Cotter, Joseph R. Morgan•All

Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2025 • Article History

Where is the Pacific Ocean located?

How far from north to south does the Pacific Ocean extend?

What is the temperature of the deep zone of the Pacific Ocean?

What is the salinity of the Pacific Ocean?

What is the deepest region of the Pacific Ocean?

News •

Map Shows US and Chinese Aircraft Carriers in Pacific This Week • Jan. 2, 2025, 9:46 PM ET (Newsweek)

World welcomes 2025 with light shows, embraces and ice plunges • Dec. 31, 2024, 12:42 AM ET (Voice of America English News)

Revealed: How bikies are using Pacific islands to smuggle cocaine into Sydney • Dec. 29, 2024, 3:58 AM ET (Sydney Morning Herald)

California residents on edge as high surf and flooding threats persist on Christmas Eve • Dec. 24, 2024, 9:56 PM ET (AP)

Major storm pounds California's central coast, blamed for man's death and partially collapsing pier • Dec. 24, 2024, 12:42 AM ET (AP)

Pacific Ocean, body of salt water extending from the 60° S parallel in the south to the Arctic in the north and lying between the continents of Asia and Australia on the west and North America and South America on the east. Of the three major oceans, the Pacific is by far the largest, occupying about one-third of the surface of the globe. Its area, excluding the South China Sea, encompasses about 62.5 million square miles (161.76 million square km). It has double the area and more than double the water volume of the Atlantic Ocean—the next largest division of ...(100 of 7311 words)

Access the full article

Help support true facts by becoming a member.